Sustainable Agriculture Is Important Industry All Over The...

We often forget where our food comes from and how much time and energy goes into what we eat. Our awareness doesn’t stray far from grocery stores and their orderly aisles of products ready for consumption. With this ease of availability, It’s hard for most to imagine the lengthy process that goes into something like a simple sandwich. On a larger scale, agriculture is an important industry all over the globe. And the effects it has on the environment and consumers are seen everywhere from inefficient water usage, harmful herbicides, soil nutrient depletion, to deforestation and harmful or unregulated produce, which is why sustainable agriculture is so important. It makes senses for us as customers to understand the effects our food industry has, because whether or not you’ve stepped foot in a field, your money is the driving impact on which farms and their techniques will continue or cease. Sustainable agriculture is the process of increasing yields without depleting resources or harming the environment. As the world population quickly grows, the need for better farm management becomes a global concern. From a small vegetable garden or a rice farm all the way too large industry producers, agriculture is everywhere as are the people that require it. Agronomy counts for a large portion of our human consumption and directly impacts our resources and environment. Considering we all need food and a thriving planet, improving management of agriculture with efficiency and greenShow MoreRelatedThe Consequences Of The Globes Meat Consumption1363 Words   |  6 PagesClimate change undoubtedly has a monumental effect on countries across the globe, It is becoming increasingly clear that it is the most important challenge facing international relations today. Agriculture and more specifically animal agriculture is one of the biggest contributors to human made climate change. This is important for international relations because animal agriculture effects trade, global food security and the global economy. With the population growing at a rapid pace the demandRead MoreAgricultural Industry-Lipton Tea1342 Words   |  6 PagesTable of content: 1. The agricultural industry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 2. Lipton Tea†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 2.1 The Rainforest Alliance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............4-5 2.2 Threats and challenges†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6-7 2.3Best and Worst Practices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7-8 3. Concluding Remarks/ Suggestions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦8 1. The Agricultural Industry Sustainable development at its core contains three main elements: Environmental Protection, Social Equity and Economic Growth a concept often referredRead MoreYou Can Choose Your Friends but Not Your Family Essay1637 Words   |  7 Pagesare  non-renewable resources  without a  sustainable yield. ------------------------------------------------- Renewable materials Further information:  bioplastics  and  bioasphalt [edit]Agricultural products Techniques in  agriculture  which allow for minimal or controlled environmental damage qualify as  sustainable agriculture. Products (foods,  chemicals,  biofuels, etc.) from this type of agriculture may be considered sustainable when  processing,  logistics, etc. also have sustainable characteristics. [edit]BiomassRead MoreThe Role Of Energy Development Sustainable Development Goals Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OFORI KOFI DICKSON – P16196652 MSc. ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT ENERGY IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Abstract This report discusses the role of energy in sustainable development goals. The report highlights on the target set by the United Nations and the time-frame given to achieve these targets. Some of the challenges hindering sustainable development especially in the poor sections of the population and measures needed to be taken have also been identified. It concludesRead MoreGmos Are Safe For Consumption1643 Words   |  7 PagesTraditionally, farmers cultivate their land using seeds from previous harvests. In doing so, they will often choose the stronger, bigger, or more appealing plants in an attempt to pass on those specific traits to future generations. This sort of agriculture, commonly known as ‘selective breeding’, has been used for many years. Genetic engineering on the other hand, simply tries to expedite this process by inserting the genes directly on to the seeds instead of waiting for this process to occur naturallyRead MoreGlobal Resource And Food Scarcity1 577 Words   |  7 PagesThis article will highlight the existing and future food security and environmental challenges facing the globe, including the unprecedented migration of rural to urban and the implications for food systems and the environment. What does this mean for Australian rural communities who deliver sustainable food production and environmental protection? Focusing on the Liverpool Plains in New South Wales as a case study, this article demonstrates the challenges in making agri-environmental outcomes visibleRead More Sustainable Development Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesSustainable Development The term sustainable development was introduced in the 1987 report Our Common Future. The World Commission on Environment and Development defined sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Different communities are organizing themselves to promote this ideology. They are combating the pressure of corporations’ economic practices, which damage theRead MoreMeat Production : Greenhouse Gas And Water Usage1119 Words   |  5 Pagesof environmental impacts: greenhouse gases and water usage. Before we can understand the impacts, it’s important to note something about consumption habits. CONSUMPTION Although Americans’ consumption of meat is on the decline, on average we eat more meat per person than almost every other nation (Molla). Further, despite the decline that we’ve seen over the last few years, when looking over a longer term, meat consumption has increased dramatically since the 1930’s. Rising incomes and/or fallingRead MoreRole of Student in Development of Our Nation1706 Words   |  7 Pagesgenerally represented by agriculture, which involves all the land-related activities, such as cropping, forestry, agroforestry, plant protection, horticulture, animal husbandry, poultry, rural-based agro-industries, and the likes. The state agricultural universities, the Indian Agricultural Research (ICAR) institutes and the rural development institutions belonging to public and private sector work in accordance with the national development stream – the rural development. Agriculture is the soul of ruralRead MoreThe Pepsi Of Coca Cola1491 Words   |  6 Pagesbut also around the globe. As a large company that carries much influence, it is imperative that Coca-Cola is aware of the impact that they are having not only on their shareholders, but also all of their stakeholders and the world as a whole. The drink that is now known as Coca-Cola was invented in 1886 by a pharmacist in Atlanta. Dr. John S. Pemberton created a syrup that could be combined with carbonated water and sold at soda fountains. The unique taste was a hit with all those who tried it

Mass Shootings Based On Radical Thinking - 1919 Words

The United States and much of the western world likes to pride themselves on being forward thinking, as well as being an open minded and an understanding place to live. However a quick look at the news and the media will show otherwise. Today in the US we have a popular presidential candidate who is very open about his blunt racism and willingness to openly discriminate against certain races. Every other day there seems to be a mention of police shooting linked to race, racial tension in universities and mass shootings based on radical thinking. If you were to take a snapshot of the American media today, you would receive a mixture of stereotypes and bias from television, and the anger and outrage on social media outlets. In this society,†¦show more content†¦The United States is viewed as the melting pot of the world, it s where multiple cultures collide. This provides people with the chance to encounter diversity that they would otherwise not get to experience, although no t everyone is welcoming of these encounters. There are those who use these encounters to fuel their own unjustified hatred and rage based on nothing more than preconceived prejudices, stereotypes, and discrimination. According to Saul McLeod (2008) prejudice is defined as having an unjustified or an incorrect negative attitude and pre-judging someone negatively due to them belonging to a certain group. Discrimination is defined as the unfair treatment that usually entails negative or harmful behavior towards members of a particular group. While according to Sabrina Keene (2010) â€Å"stereotyping is the application of an individual’s own thoughts, beliefs, and expectations onto other individuals without first obtaining factual knowledge about the individual(s).† The problem with prejudice and stereotyping is that they are misconceptions that are easy to learn. And once we have that opinion in our head that we wholeheartedly believe it becomes a schema or heuristics, w hich then becomes a default response for us. Prejudice’s are also easy to pick us as children, our environment and the people around us definitely influence our way of thinking, although not all prejudice learned as a child are maintained. The reasons that it is difficult to combat because

Health Care Spending Free Essays

Health Care Spending Paper Rosie L. Eckford HCS/440 – ECONOMICS: THE FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE July 2, 2012 Instructor: Lori Geddes Healthcare is a very important sector in the countries around the world. The countries and the government always keep some money in their budget in relation to the health care activities in their countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Care Spending or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the United States of America also, there are certain provisions in relation to the health care. The paper shall discuss about the health care spending in relation to United States of America. It shall discuss about the current level of health care expenditure in United States of America. There are shall be a lot of discussion in relation to the fact that whether the expenditure on health care in United States of America is appropriate or not. It shall also discuss about the manner in which the health care needs of the people in United States of America are paid by the government. In the end of the paper, there shall be a forecast in relation to the health care spending in United States of America. All the above said things shall be discussed in detail in the current paper. The government of United States of America has made a lot of provisions in relation to the expenditure of health care facilities in United States of America. In the United States of America, the health care spending has been increasing continuously (Hawe, 2008). There have been a lot of funds kept by the government of United States of America in its budget in relation to the health care services. In the year 1990, the expenditure made by the government of United States of America in relation to the health care spending was $714 million. Since then, the amount of expenditure on health care has increase to $2. 3 trillion. This is around 3 times of what it was in the year 1990. The government of United States of America is spending around 16% of its total gross domestic production on providing the health care facilities to the people. It is estimated that around $7600 are spent by the government of United States of America for each and every resident in the country. In this way, it can be said that the expenditure in relation to health care in United States of America is quite good and the country is taking adequate steps for making sure that adequate health care facilities are provided to the people in a proper and appropriate manner. The health care spending of the United States of America is the highest all around the world. There is no problem with the extent of money spend by the country towards the health care. Other countries around the world are also spending some money towards the health care but the expenditure made by the government of United States of America is the highest. Currently the expenditure incurred in United States of America towards is adequate and appropriate. It has to increase only with the increase in population. According to the per capita expenditure, the current expenditure in the country towards the healthcare is appropriate. When the country makes the budget in relation to the health care expenditure, then it has to take care that adequate expenditure is incurred on each and every activity related to health care. The government of United States of America should make sure that it spends appropriate expenditure on each and every area of the health care. The expenditure should be more on the critical areas and it should be reduced on the areas which are not very difficult to handle for the government. The government of United States of America should make sure that it increases the expenditure of the health insurance of those people which are not in a position to afford the costs for themselves (U. S. Health Care Costs, n. d. ). The government should also increase the expenditure in relation to the funds provided to the health care organizations for providing the benefits to the poor people in the United States of America. The government of United States of America should also increase the expenditure in relation to some specific and high risk diseases such as Cancer, Aids etc. If the expenditure shall be reduced in relation to the above said activities then, there is a possibility that the people in United States of America shall be benefitted to a very high extent. Other than the above areas, there are certain areas in which the government of United States of America should look to reduce the expenditure. The cost on some of the areas in the health care should not be reduced to the extent it hampers the health care services. If there is a requirement to reduce the health care costs then, these should be reduced only till the services are not affected in a negative manner. The areas in which unnecessary costs are incurred by the government should be recognized and the costs should be reduced in those areas. In the United States of America, there are adequate sources used for the purpose of financing the health care services in the country. In the country, the funding for the health care services is done together by the government and the non government agencies in the country. While preparing the budget, the government of United States of America keeps a percentage of funds in relation to providing the health care services to the people who are in need and also the people which are not able to have the health care insurance for themselves. Related essay: Advantages of Free Health Care Other than the government of United States of America, there are various other forms of associations which work for the purpose of providing the health care services to the people. They not only provide the health care services but also provide the financial for the insurance of the patients. There are few programs also in relation to the same. The programs include Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program, Community Health Accreditation Program and various other programs. The health care finance in the United States of America are funded by the above said facilities and things. In the United States of America, the government and the non government associations share 50% of the expenditure each. In this way, there is a proper sharing the expenditure. For the last few years, the healthcare expenditure in United States of America has been increased considerably at an increasing rate. It is expected that the healthcare expenditure in United States of America shall increase in the same rate as it was increasing earlier (Scambler, 2008). In the year 2007, the health care expenditure in United States of America was $2. 2 trillion. This amount increased to $2. 3 trillion in the financial year 2008. In this way, there was a definite increase in the health care expenditure in the two years. It is expected that the health care expenditure will grow even more. In the year 2013, the healthcare expenditure is expected to reach the figure of $3 trillion and in the year 2017, it is expected that the health care expenditure shall reach the figure of $4. 3 trillion. In this way, it can be said that there is a forecast of increased expenditure on health care in the years to come. The chart below provides the forecast for health care in a proper manner. This chart is showing the healthcare expenditure in United States of America. The government of United States of America is spending a lot of money on the healthcare services in the country. With the kind of expenditure, the government of United States of America is spending on the health care facilities in the country, it can be said that the government is spending sufficient amount of money on the health care facilities. For the last many years, there has been an increase in the health care spending in United States of America. With this, it can be projected that the expenditure on health care shall increase to the extent of $4. 3 trillion by 2017. References Scambler, G. (2008). Sociology as Applied to Medicine. (6th ed. ), Elsevier Health Sciences. Hawe, E. (2008). Compendium of Health Statistics. (19th ed. ), Radcliffe Publishing. U. S. Health Care Costs. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 18, 2011 from http://www. kaiseredu. org/Issue-Modules/US-Health-Care-Costs/Background-Brief. aspx How to cite Health Care Spending, Essay examples

POW #12 The Big Knight Switch Essay Example For Students

POW #12: The Big Knight Switch Essay POW #12: The Big Knight SwitchPROBLEM STATEMENT:For POW 12, I am asked if four knights, (two black and two white) canswitch places, while perpendicular to each other, (meaning two black knights areon one side of a 33 chess board with two white knights adjacent to them. They,were feeling restless and decided to attempt to see if this were possible. Keeping in mind the following guidelines:No two pieces can occupy the same squareKnights can pass or jump over each otherThe can only move two square forward and one to the right or one forward and two to the rightNothing is mentioned about proper turns, i.e. white first, then black, then white.etc. With those guidelines I was set to attempt to find if it were possiblefor the knights to switch places with each other, following only the guidelinesabove. PROCESS:In first approaching this POW, I reviewed for what it was exactly thisPOW was asking for, making a clear mental image of the POW embed itself into mymind. After carefully re-reading the POW and its guidelines, I had a somewhatsolid idea of how to approach it. I first made a custom 33 chess board, and included the chess pieces(two black and two white). I placed each in their appropriate sections andproceeded to attempt to solve the problem. I calculated it to take each piece aminimal of four moves to reach the other side of the board so I instantly knew Iwould require 16 boxes for my diagram. But rather then going through thatprocess, I decided to take a much easier one, that being by simply drawing a 33chess board with the chess pieces. After completing it, I began by simplyplotting the points and attempting to figure out the process through which Iwould go through to solve this POW. I was quickly amazed when I found the answeronly minutes after originally starting. I re-tracked my steps and made thediagram included. Since, I already knew, prior to starting, that each wouldrequire four moves before reaching the other side, I traced the route each wouldfollow and devised a method in which the could move one after the other and notinterfere with each other which soon brought me to my conclusion. SOLUTION:The solution to POW 12, which is probable that is now evident is 16moves which shows that they can do it, switching places that is. I know thatthe least amount of moves or the smallest number of moves is 16 because it wouldtake each individual knight four moves to move to the other side of the board,which means 4 multiplied by 4 is 16 moves total. The diagram I provided explainshow I reached this thoroughly through expression of art (lol).Using theknown fact of it taking a knight to move to the other side four moves is reasonenough for me to believe that 16 moves it the minimal amount of possible movestotaled. EXTENSIONS:An extension to this weeks POW, would be to consider a POW in which youwere attempting to move or switch the places of four knights on a 88 or 44chess board. To go in even further, consider the minimal moves, if possible, toswitch four bishops or rocks on a 66 chess board, if possible. To simplifywould be to merely increase the chessboard size for this weeks POW. EVALUATION:As a final evaluation for POW 12, I thought the overall thinkingrequired might have been somewhat of a decrease from other POWs weve had. Ifound this POW straight-forward and somewhat self-explanatory. 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Middle East Peace Plan

Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been bothering many people for many years. Each country wants to get the best of the situation and does not want to give way another one. Many years have passed from the beginning of the conflict, a lot of wars have been held and the negotiations conducted, still, neither Israel nor Palestine wants to compromise (Judge and Langdon 869). Nevertheless, it does not mean that the solution does not exist.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Middle East Peace Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A lot of programs and initiatives have been developed which are aimed at settling the conflict. Having conducted a research, having reviewed those initiatives and programs, we have created a plan which should reflect the main steps each of the sides should make in order to arrange peace. The commission should be created which should follow the lawful leading of the negotiations between Israel and Palestine (Bassiouni and Ben-Ami 177). The initiative directed at the elimination of terrorism in the region should be created. It is important to cut off both group and individual assistance of terrorism in the countries (Golan 224). Two states should be recognized Israel (with Jewish character) and Palestine (with non-Jewish character). It is important to negotiate the status and the constitutional rights of each country to declare the independence and territory inviolableness. Considering the territory problems, it is important to understand that for many years, the Israel settlements have been created. According to the current situation, these settlements are located on the territory of Palestine and they create a number of problems. The â€Å"dunam-for-dunam land exchange† (Burston n.p.) should be held. Thus, Israel should give Palestine the land which corresponds to the area of the settlements. The regulations should be settled about carrying weapon in both countries, e specially in Israel. Such actions may help the battle with the terrorism and faster solving of the problem. Jerusalem is a milestone for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This city should become a shared one. In other words, Palestinians should be allowed an official presence in the city. Moreover, to guarantee the lawful behavior from both countries, the Palestinian-Israeli police should be present. The embassies should be established in the two states to make sure that the further conflicts are solved with the help of the law and negotiations. The wall should be broken. This will help to normalize the relations between the countries and settle the compromise faster. Both countries should accept the existence of each other and reprint the maps. Both Palestinians and Israelis should be offered the compensations for the4 homes they have lost. The national conflict should be settled. Those Israelis who want to live in Palestine (and vice versa) should be offered the same rights as the native citizens (Burston n.p.). Having a similar history, Palestine and Israel should work on the creation of the similar initiatives directed at the elimination of prejudiced attitude to each other. Common social initiatives should be developed to remind people that they are the citizens of the same world where people can be happy by means of recognisaing the rights and freedoms of each other. Finally, both countries should apologize for the conflict and actions which have been provided for many years. Works Cited Bassiouni, M. Cherif and Shlomo Ben-Ami. A guide to documents on the Arab-Palestinian/Israeli conflict: 1897-2008. Boston: BRILL, 2009. Print. Burston, Bradley. â€Å"A Palestinian peace plan Israelis can live with.† Haaretz. 24 Nov. 2009. Web. Golan, Galia. Israel and Palestine: Peace Plans and Proposals from Oslo to Disengagement. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2008. Print. Judge, Edward H. and John W. Langdon. Connections: A World History. London: Pearso n, 2009. Print. This essay on Middle East Peace Plan was written and submitted by user Porter Huffman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Utopian Society Essay

Utopian Society Essay Utopian Society Essay Utopian Society Every economy throughout the world has a combination of a command or market economy. However as shown in our history to create a utopia you cannot use purely a market or a command society. In order to make a Utopian Society, a community and its government must have a perfect combination of command and market economies. In the perfect society, there are certain economic factors such as freedom, growth, stability, equality, and efficiency that are needed to create a utopia. In a utopian society the freedom and growth would come from the market system because it to shows that it is more of a constant and has proven to work far better for all market economies than command economies. Hong Kong the most free city in the world has only a 3.4% unemployment rate and their GDP per capita is $52,300. Also, in Uzbekistan one of the least free countries in the world had an estimated 5% unemployment rate in 2011, that’s 1.4% higher than Hong Kong's unemployment rate. Uzbekistan’s GDP per capita is also $3,600, that’s $48,700 less than Hong Kong’s $52,300. Thus people who work for their own benefit rather than their countries have a higher incentive to work harder and have a higher economic growth rate, therefore a utopian society should take both freedom and growth from a market economy. In a utopian society the equality, stability, and efficiency would come from the command economy because the government is in control and decides how the businesses are going to work and who will work. In these types of economies the government decides what is fair, therefore there is no time consuming debates like there usually are in a market economy when dealing with business owners and consumers about prices of product or pay. India has a budget of $169.4 billion, $328.7 billion less than Australia’s $498.1 billion which causes the government to push idea of equity better and more efficiently. Also, India’s GDP real growth rate is 6.5% which is 2.9% higher than Australia's 3.6%, confirming that command economies are more efficient and effective than market economies. In the past the country of Germany under the command of Adolf Hitler had once reached a 0% unemployment rate. Command economies are also very efficient because they chose to handle their resources to th e best of their abilities. Central planners decide where and what the resources are used, creating the least amount of wasted resources possible. For example, in World War 2 Russia’s command economy was able to build their army and weapons quickly with

Ardipithecus Ramidus and Its Relationship to Humans and Chimpanzees Term Paper

Ardipithecus Ramidus and Its Relationship to Humans and Chimpanzees - Term Paper Example The hominoid gap is the first and is said to date back to approximately 22-32 million years ago. This is the period that the human and ape ancestors were diverging from the monkeys’ evolution path. The other gap is the hominid gap and is estimated to date back to about 4.5 to 14 million years ago. It is believed that during this period, the human ancestors and extant ape ancestors separated from a common evolution path. Hominids refer to the human ancestors after the divergence from the last common ancestor with extant apes. Recently, fossil evidence bridging the hominid gap was discovered in 1992 in Aramis, Northern Ethiopia by a group of researchers. The discovery of Ardipithecus ramidus changes the initial belief that the common ancestor between man and extant apes looked more like a chimpanzee. The characteristics of the Ardipithecus ramidus are more similar to those of humans and therefore, the extant apes must have developed their traits after their evolution path and th at of humans separated. This discussion explores the Ardipithecus ramidus’ relationship to Chimpanzees and humans. Ardipithecus Ramidus Ardipithecus ramidus is believed to be 4.4 million years old and its discovery has changed the belief that human beings evolved from chimpanzees. Ardipithecus ramidus walked upright like humans and had a big toe for holding trees like apes. Before the discovery of Ardipithecus ramidus, the oldest early human skeleton was that of Australopithecus afarensis, also known as Lucy. Lucy is believed to be 3.2 million years old. Australopithecus afarensis was also discovered in Ethiopia and had many common characteristics with human beings. Therefore, the earlier ancestry between humans and apes was missing. The first specimen of Ardipithecus ramidus was discovered in 1992. The fossils were found in sediment layers which are approximately 4.4 million years old. The skull, arms feet, pelvis, and teeth were later discovered. The features of Ardipithecu s ramidus such as lack of ape-like canines show that she was not an ancestor of modern chimpanzees (White et al., 2009). Studies of evolution have been trying to determine the reason for the distinctiveness of human beings in terms of being bipedal, having high intellectual and technological capabilities, and other traits that distinguish them from extant apes. Before the discovery of Ardipithecus ramidus fossils, the evolution of humans was based on the characteristics of African apes. It was believed that these unique abilities that humans possess evolved from the modification of the traits of chimpanzees and bonobos, which are the closest human relatives. Human behavior was viewed as a modification of the chimpanzees’ characteristics such as the dominance of males, hunting, culture, upright feeding posture, among others (Harrison, 2010). The discovery of Ardipithecus ramidus sheds light into the period of hominid development after splitting from the common ancestor with ap es. Before Ardipithecus ramidus was discovered, scientists believed that the last common ancestor looked more like a chimpanzee than humans. They believed that the modern apes got many of their traits from this ancestor, such as walking on knuckles and hanging and swinging on trees. Characteristics of apes such as short backs, limbs, and pelvis which are appropriate for walking on knuckles and arms for swinging and hanging on trees were believed to have originated from the last common ancestor. It was believed that after the split, the human ancestors dropped the characteristics of the common ancestor such as sharp canines and walking on knuckles while the ancestors of the chimpanzees retained them up to the present. However, these beliefs are refuted by Ardipithecus

Role of Agricultural extension in rural development strategies of Sub Research Proposal

Role of Agricultural extension in rural development strategies of Sub Saharan Africa - Research Proposal Example Tourism has been the major industry for more than two decades but the farmers of Zanzibar are not benefitting from the estimated 1.2 million tourists that visit the island annually. Once known for its spice plantations, large percent of Zanzibar’s land remain uncultivated and they import more than 70 % of vegetables and fruits (Nyang and Webo, 2012: 154). This paper proposes the use of farmer field schools in Zanzibar to help smallholder farmers make decisions, solve problems and obtain new techniques and skills. Farmers can reap a lot of benefits if they can apply what they will be taught in these schools. The farmers will also increase their productivity and profits through sharing knowledge with neighbors. There is a great need for field schools because: smallholder farmers in Zanzibar have very little knowledge on modern farming methods, many of them didn’t attend school and they only use conventional farming practices on their farm. Arable land in Zanzibar could be increased a great deal with introduction of these schools. Improving quality and productivity through group access to production, extension and training services and reduce cost of production through purchasing of farm inputs (including fertilizers, seeds and other equipment) in large volumes. The use of farmer field schools approach as an analytical framework began in South-East Asia in the 1980s and has played a big role in the farming sector. Farmer field schools approach has changed dramatically. The impact of rapid and sustained agricultural productivity in farming practices of Zanzibar is highlighted in literature. As put by Dixon et al, (2001: 108), factors that determine the growth potential of a farming system include: favorable access to services and infrastructure and appropriate resource endowments. This research is based on the assumptions that smallholder farmers of Zanzibar have little or no knowledge

Career Development in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Career Development in Nursing - Essay Example Simultaneously, ICN also emphasizes encouraging researches and debates concerning women’s health related issues. ICN strongly believes that these strategies will bring a significant change in the women’s fundamental rights to health by creating awareness. Furthermore, ICN strictly discourages the trafficking and exploitation of women in their workplaces. In its position paper, ICN deciphers its concern about the health hazards witnessed by women populaces. To name a few, HIV syndrome, ill health or lack of nutrition during their pregnancy and inadequate awareness regarding health issues as well as their fundamental rights can be observed as the common challenges in case of women’s health. ICN also significantly focuses on the establishment and on the enforcement of effective legal steps to discourage the violence against women, which has been reported to increase at an alarming rate. ICN also urges governmental bodies and all other concerned parties emphasizing w omen’s health to generate awareness regarding human rights (International Council of Nurses, 2012). Importance of Women’s health Women population constitutes a significant proportion in the global demography. According to the position statement of ICN, it can be observed that the female populaces comprise 60% among every one billion Below Poverty Line (BPL) population in the global economies. Furthermore, it has been observed that every 960 million illiterate adults worldwide include two-third women. Again, every 130 million children who have been recorded to discontinue their education comprise 70% girls. Most of these women and girls are observed to belong from economically backward regions which illustrate a significant reason... This paper approves that the position statement put forward by ICN regarding women’s health in the global arena reveals various difficulties faced by them all around the world. The report depicts that women populaces worldwide, are intensely affected by the ways they are treated and the position that is rendered to them within the society. The report depicts that there are various causing factors which intend to contribute to the women’s health problems in the global society. Some of the major causing factors can be identified as unequal power distribution in the social context on the basis of gender, poverty and limited access to nursing facilities among others. In its position paper, ICN describes its various initiatives in the form of holding international agendas to develop strategies for the betterment of women’s health in the global arena and thereby securing their rights to freedom as well as well-being. This essay makes a conclusion that with reference to the above it can be observed that women, in the current day context, need to witness various challenges and suffer violent treatments from their surroundings which contribute towards deteriorating developments of the overall community. Contextually, there are various factors which tend to contribute to such issues. The most apparent reasons in relation to the declination of women’s health can be identified as poverty and lack of adequate awareness concerning their fundamental rights and health. It is worth mentioning in this regard that assuring women’s health must be considered with due significance as a means to ensure the prosperity of the entire community.

Breakfast Food Industry Analysis And Strategic Marketing Essay

Breakfast Food Industry Analysis And Strategic Marketing Essay Breakfast, defined as the first meal of a day, has become a common diet of Americans since the rise of human civilization. 10,000 years ago Neolithic farmers learnt how to cultivate and so they created first a steady food supply. Romans revolutionized the first meal with a cereal version which has dominated the world since with wheat, oats and barley being the main ingredients. Cereal is currently the only major breakfast component in the present worlds and has built an 8 billon dollar industry in the 21st century. In 1890 John Harvey Kellogg single handedly built the first modern breakfast-food industry in greek Michigan. This led to dominion of four big cereal companies namely, Kellogg, General Mills, Post, and Quaker Structure Economic Analysis There are four big cereal companies holding 86.4% and a few small companies holding 13.6% of the market share. Price competition is nonexistent. In 1993 the industry earned a net profit of 6.7% barriers to entry and numerous government attempts to finish it have failed. Cereal industry is at $8 billion any approach that can gain 1% increase is substantial for the companies. Porters Model Rivalry The cereal being highly consolidated market. The dominance 1970 by the four companies to 90% of ready to eat cereal, which has dropped recently the market, is still consolidated Buyer Power Due to the fact that there are only a few major companies, consumers do not have a big impact on the industry because they purchase small quantities of cereal weekly. Hence Cereal Companies are not dependant to their views. Grocery stores are their main threats because they decide who gets shelf space and this is what cereal companies need. Supplier Power There are a few substitutes to cereal thus they give suppliers in cereal industry a lot of power since they are common and do not swing the consumer precedence. Secondly is there is a capability of suppliers merging with these substitute companies. For example sugar companies trying to merge with cereal company. Substitutes In 1970s and 1980s pop Tarts and breakfast bars began to compete with cereals and consumers had more to choose from. Consumers need for a healthy diet led to another substitute i.e. hot cereal Potential Competitors Cereal Companies has so much power due to lack of competition, but there are a few barriers which make this impossible. The cereal company takes advantage of the cost and economics of scale. This stems from advertising, in 1993, 1.3 million of advertisement aired costing 762 million dollars daily .with this amount a new company can create a new cereal. It there for becomes very difficult to compete with these large markets which have also used cartoon characters which have become related to children hence fixing their presence in consumers minds. Technological Environment Technology creates a barrier in that most companies have spent many years developing new products hence this makes it impossible to innovate a new product of cereal . To maintain the crispy of cereal in milk is a technology question that poses as huge barrier. Macro-Economic Environment With the American economy growing, and inflation steady the average person has more purchasing power and consumers are better able to afford cereals. Social Environment Demographics These are very vital in any industry. Currently, 49% of Americans consume cereals in the morning. This shows that the social environment has a major influence. With the increase of the median income from $31,341 in 1970 to $32,264 it suggests that income hasnt increased proportionally. This means that consumers are paying more for breakfast. The economic scenario of both working parents has led to the need of a quick breakfast in order to get their kids to school and get to their own work place. Political and Legal Environment In 1970s, the cereal industry rose to90% from 68% in 1940. This saw the critics come up with strategy of cooperating and creating a monopoly. The Trade commission started to investigate the alleged cooperation but the cereal industry blocked the allegations. In 1970s, there was a delay in handling of profits which went on until early 1980s, and FTC found barriers to break the industry. First a great relationship between manufacturers and congress members and the mass advertising budget, this continued for 15 years. Strategies Competitive strategies of the industry cycle include: low-cost, differentiation, and focusers. However, The cereal industry, uses two of these strategies, low-cost and differentiation. Low Cost Strategies The effective tolls of low cost strategies include use of coupon reduction was used in 1994 by general mills this year they cut it by $175million others have followed suit. The industry has turned to streamline marketing meaning a company marketing a variety of products to reduce marketing cost by using economies of scale the cereal industry also attempted to manufacture low-cost strategy. The companies in this industry use high capital production methods instead of labor intensive methods. This is proved by decreasing the amount of workers and the increasing the capital investments. It is also supported by high levels of value added in between raw materials and the final product Differentiation Strategy Cereal industry uses the strategy of differentiation. A range of name brands are produced aiming different market segments.ie for children and adults being health conscious, this is known as product proliferation that is pursuing a big product line. In the cereal industry, production of new products leads to completion. Now there are over 75 new brand names Pricing Strategies Historically the company has worked with one pricing strategy, this being the price discrimination. But some of the key players now use price competition. Price Discrimination Coupons have been a staple aspect used by cereal companies. They are designed to give consumers a lower price that is if they take time to obtain and use them Price Slashing In 1994 share general millis slashed their prices but with little success. For the cereal industry, price cuts will not be hurting since profits are high TRENDS The cereal business is all about market domination through marketing and promotion budgets causing evolution of four companies barriers to entry and promotional ware has led to market share for small companies unattainable. Consumer Trends Consumers have finally let go the high-priced products opting for private labeled products because they are cheaper. Industries are aware of this problem and are pursuing a better solution Trends in Product Development This is a strategy that will see the improvement of the product. For example, entirely coming up with a new product. New cereal flavor and many more will see to a companys improvement Growth Trends Global expansion as well as operating cost reductions may ensure success and growth in the Companies. Consumers are gaining a similar taste as a result of technology leading to a market growth. Breakfast Cereals in Canada Overview Market Definition The ongoing emphasis on health and wellness as well as on breakfast being the most important meal of the day continued to drive consumer demand. In particular, high fibre has become a growing trend within breakfast cereals due to promotion of the nutritional value of wholegrain by dieticians, government and subsequently The Canadian breakfast cereals market consists of mainly hot cereals and ready-to-eat cereals. The ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal industry is uniquely qualified by a high concentration, a large advertising-to-sales ratio, high price-cost margins and a very aggressive entry of new products. These facts have turned this industry into a concentrated differentiated-products industry where price competition is unanimously cooperative and brand rivalry is left to marketing, product promotion and new product development. Due to this aggressive marketing, rapid development of new products and a certain surge in consumer awareness of natural cereals, the sales of breakfast cereals has grown steadily in recent times with the retail sales figures increasing by 3% last year alone. This translates to about C$ 1.4 billion and a volume of 181,000 tonnes of cereal. During this period, the structure of this industry changed dramatically into a more concentrated market from an earlier largely fragmented state. Market Segments analysis Among adults à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ An equal number of women, 82 percent and men, 79 percent aged 20 years and above eat cereal daily. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Older adults consume cereal more than younger adults. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ More Caucasian, 82 percent adults aged 20 and above eat cereal than do adults from all other races combined. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢19% percent of adults with a 12th grade educational level and below skip breakfast, compared to 15% of those with college education. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ About 75 percent of Canadians earning less than C$25,000 eat breakfast compared to 86 percent earning $75,000 and above. Among Children and Adolescent à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Adolescent Girls are more likely to skip breakfast than boys à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ White children are more likely to eat cereal for breakfast than black or Hispanic children. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Children, 36% consume Whole grain cereals more frequently, followed by snacks, 33%, lunch and dinner, 15% each and brunch, 1%. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Children and adolescents aged two to eighteen years who eat cereals, 30.9 percent, contribute the most to the whole grains diet, followed by corn and other chips at 21.7%, and yeast breads at 18.1%. Strategies To Successfully Market MUESLI In Canada à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Develop an aggressive marketing campaign around the whole grain quality, tasty and a non-traditional breakfast cereal that is MUESLI. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Advocate for an on-the-go MUESLI breakfast option. Suggest enjoyable ways such as portable breakfast for MUESLI consumers together with other fun beverages such as 100 percent fruit juice. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sell the MUESLI idea to parents and sensitize them on the importance of being good role models for children and teens over the breakfast meal. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sell the natural whole grains cereal flakes, dried fruit, nuts and pumpkin seeds by education to weight-conscious consumers on their effectiveness in weight management à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Since most of Cereal consumers are children, introduce MUESLI on a marketing gimmick that fruits, nuts and seed may actually sharpen their performance in school. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Since economics is also a major player in cereal statistics, use the platform to launch MUESLI as a new affordable whole grain breakfast option. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Concentrate in the participation of school breakfast programs which may be a very appropriate and cheap market launching pad.

Global Pollution Essay -- Environment, Environmental Issues

Pollution is a growing issue in the world and is the major cause that contributes to many environmental problems. What is usually classified as pollution, what kind of pollution is present in the world, and what the people are doing to deal with this pollution issue in the world. There are several problems with world pollution that are associated with global warming and include waste disposal, water pollution, and air pollution. These things are usually caused by people on the planet who produce waste. This has been a growing complication and is (omit) now been taken as a serious issue. Solutions to these situations have been considered to keep the Earth and all the things in it. One of the situations that are involved with world pollution is waste disposal. There are many ways in which garbage or other materials are disposed of, which involves the most obvious solution, and the one most commonly used, is simply to bury those wastes underground, often in metal drums or concrete containers. This method of disposal has any several drawbacks, however. For example, drums and containers break open, leaking hazardous chemicals into the groundwater. People living near hazardous waste sites are then exposed to those chemicals in their drinking water, through food grown on the land, or in other ways. Since people of color and low-income people tend to live near hazardous waste sites far more often than do more affluent white people, hazardous waste disposal is a problem of special concern to those communities (Newton). Another way used to dispose of waste is through incineration. This method requires very close monitoring, since the ashes and smoke can still be just as hazardous as its physical form. Burning wastes at very high ... ...e environment that have had an influence on the habitats of many organisms. Most of these pollution incidents have a negative effect on both our environment and economy, which deals with how food is produced and how it is affected by pollution. Water has also been influenced negatively by the overcoming waste that is manufactured by people and certain businesses and when it is polluted by garbage, there is nothing that is done until it becomes a problem. Everyone in the world contributes to pollution, every single nation, person, and establishment, has some contribution to pollution. The only solution to the widespread of pollution can only be to produce better and more efficient ways of providing power for our everyday needs. The resources used mainly cause’s pollution, since every nation uses their own resources that (omit) have an influence on the environment.